The paper introduces a comparative analysis between three meta-heuristic techniques in the optimization of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for a cascaded control of a ball and beam system. The meta-heuristic techniques presented in this study are Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Bat Algorithm Optimization (BAO). The model uses a DC motor with encoder to move the beam and a camera as a feedback for the ball position on the beam. The control theory of the system depends on two loops; the first (inner) loop is the DC motor for position control

This paper represents the control of the Pioneer-3 Mobile Robot as a complex non-linear system which provides an object for research nonlinear system kinematics and dynamics analysis. In this paper, the system modeling and simulation is divided into two main parts. The first part is the modeling and simulation using MATLAB and the second part is the whole mechanical design and its characteristics as a function of the motor speed and the torque depending on the system using Virtual Robot Environment Program (V-REP). The study uses Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) and Fractional Order PID

Tuning process which is used to find the optimum values of the proportional integral derivative (PID) parameters, can be performed automatically using meta-heuristics algorithms such as BA (Bat Algorithm), PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and ABC (Artificial Bee Colony). This paper presented a theoretical and practical implementation of a drawing robot using BA to tune the PID controller governing the robotic arm which is a non linear system difficult to be controlled using classical control. In line with the above and in order to achieve this aim and meet high performance feedback and robust

This paper presents the modelling and control of a 2-DOFs Twin rotor multi input multi output (MIMO) system which is a laboratory setup resembling the dynamics of a helicopter. In this paper, the system modelling process is done using the common conventional mathematical model based on Euler-Lagrange method. The transfer functions of the model are used in the different tuning methods to reach the optimal PID gain values. The study uses conventional Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers to obtain a robust controller for the system. Particle Swarm

the proposed paper aims to design and model an air levitation system, which is a highly nonlinear system because of its fast dynamics and low damping. The system is trained using a Nonlinear Autoregressive model with exogenous input (NARX model). An enhanced height measurement system, modified setup, and several training techniques have been used to overcome the restrictions that the non-linearity of the system imposes in the literature. The system mathematical model has been illustrated, followed by an identified model using NARX model trained on several input-output data from the physical

This article presents the parametric analysis of the optical microring resonator. It includes the numerically simulated analysis. The mathematical formulation represents the several relations that could influence the performance of optical microring resonator. The simulations give the graphical representations of ring resonator performances by the alteration of various parameters. In this paper, we have analyzed the variations in quality factor, extinction ratio and the resonance peak of an optical microring resonator with changes in effective refractive index, length of the ring and the group

In this paper, a new scheme for the realization of an optical logic circuit using Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZM) with direct detection has been proposed. Amplitude and phase information of the optical signals have been used for the differentiation of optical signals into four different states that can be represented using two binary inputs, while direct detection has been used for the effective mapping of these states with their respective binary outputs. The realization of seven logic gates, two reversible optical logic gates (Feynman and double Feynman gates) and half adder and half

Plasmonic photovoltaics (PVs) are promising structures that improve thin-film photovoltaics performance, where optical absorption is improved via embedding metallic nanoparticles in the PV's active layer to trap the incident optical wave into the photovoltaic cell. The presented work investigates the design of PV with both structures of conical and cylindrical metallic nanoparticles through studying their extinction cross-sections and electric field distributions. Also, the impact of these nanoparticles in silicon PVs on the optical absorption enhancement is investigated. The figure of merit

Waveguide photodetectors are considered as a promising candidate for high speed photodetection where the tradeoff between the transit time bandwidth and the quantum efficiency is overcome as the incident optical signal and the photogenerated carriers move in perpendicular directions. In WG-Avalanche Photodetectors (WG-APDs), the avalanche multiplication gain enhances the photocurrent of the photodiodes. In these photodiodes, the inaccuracies in the ionizations coefficients of the photogenerated electrons and holes and in the dimensions of the multiplication layer affect the multiplication gain

Two voltage-mode topologies single input multi-output universal fractional filters with high input impedance are proposed. The proposed analog filters consist of three DVCC+ blocks, two grounded capacitors and two resistors targeting the minimum passive elements. The proposed topologies provide a realization for all standard fractional filter functions (HP, LP, BP, AP and notch filter). The effect of Fractional order on filter responses in the range of α from 0.7 to 1.2 was studied. Fractional order has been investigated for different filter responses in terms of cutoff, gain, phase and noise