Crystal Violet Removal Using Raw Fava Bean, Fava Bean H3PO4 Chemically Activated Carbon, and Commercial Activated Carbon

Abstract: Crystal violet is a type of dyes that is used by various industries such as painting, and textile industries where they discharge their effluents into water streams. Discharging of effluents contaminated with crystal violet has adverse effects on environment, ecosystems, and human health. Therefore, different physical and chemical techniques were applied for dyes removal from contaminated wastewater. Adsorption as one of these methods was identified as a promising technique for dyes removal from polluted wastewater. In this study, raw fava bean, Fava Bean H3PO4 Chemically Activated Carbon, and commercial activated carbon were applied as adsorbents for crystal violet removal from polluted wastewater. Fava bean was collected, washed, dried, and milled and saved as a raw in addition to preparation of H3PO4 Chemically Activated Carbon. Characterization analysis as FT-IR, DLS, SEM, and XRD were investigated for the different prepared materials. Optimization process using Response Surface Methodology, and Artificial Neural Network were applied on the different adsorbents to obtain high crystal violet removal efficiency. Additionally, isotherm, and kinetics analysis were analyzed and reported. Results showed that Fava Bean H3PO4 Chemically Activated Carbon achieved highest crystal violet removal efficiency of around 93 % by using nearly 250 ppm crystal violet concentration, 3.4 g/l dose, and 119 min contact time according to Response Surface Methodology analysis.